Index

9:  A Deeper Look at the Bank for International Settlements

W.K.

Twenty years ago I came across a booklet in a dusty box in the Robarts Library by Henry Hans Schloss, The Bank for International Settlements: An experiment in central bank cooperation, published by North-Holland Pub. Co. in 1958. In it I found two sensational facts, not widely known: Resolution Five adopted at Bretton Woods in 1944 calling for the dissolution of The Bank for International Settlements (BIS) at the earliest opportunity. The reason: BIS had surrendered the Czechoslovak central bank gold treasure entrusted to it by the Prague Government to the Nazis on their marching into Prague almost before they had even had the time to ask for it. That, in Schloss’s judgment was what had led BIS to cultivate a low profile. I took it up from there: that low profile in turn commended it to the international banking community as an ideal bunker from which to conduct its carefully planned strategy for bringing the world back to their control – state of affairs that that had ushered in the depression of the 1930s. But Schloss, without going into further detail, had concluded that the other plentiful accusations against BIS for having served the Nazis before and during the war lacked supporting evidence.

Deluge of Internet Source Material on BIS

The deluge of source material on BIS that has appeared on the Internet in recent months proves that the Schloss book, though it did reveal an isolated shameful episode in BIS’s past, was essentially a whitewash job.

Since the campaign of BIS has in the interim been amazingly successful in combining the repeated bailouts of our banks with their further deregulation to take over the other "financial pillars."

Today, they are well on the way to controlling the industrial sector and society itself. Much of this material was published years ago but was simply ignored. BIS itself and the central banks of some of the leading countries have been diligent in such suppression, by a variety of methods ranging from fellowships to soften up too diligently enquiring journalists and unorthodox economists. And, of course, the virtual censorship of the media. It is a great merit of the Internet that it is providing access to this suppressed information. We are happy to offer our readers a sampling of it.

Bilderberg and Trilateral Commission

From Alfred Mendez: "Terms such as ‘free market,’ ‘new world order’ and ‘globalization’ have dominated political/economic terminology over the past two decades-or-so, and the fact that it focusses on banks and bankers is quite simply because, without money, these terms are meaningless. And after all, what is a banker if he’s not a trader in money? Similarly, ‘globalization’ would be meaningless if such politically omnipotent groups as the Bilderberg Group and the Trilateral Commission were not taken into account when assessing the significance of ‘globalization.’

"The Bilderberg (BB) was formed in 1954 out of the need of corporate America for cohesion of purpose on the part of its European partners in the recently formed North Atlantic Alliance (NATO). The twin aim was to facilitate the flow of American capital into the region, and to bring Germany into the Alliance. That it is a group endowed with enormous political clout can be attested by: (1) the examination of the list of committee members and conference attendees over the years, and (2) these conferences take place under very strict security supplied by the respective host countries.

"The Trilateral Commission (TRI) was formed in 1973, its agenda determined by the corporate-funded Brookings Institute and the Kettering Foundation – with help from David Rockefeller of the Chase-Manhattan Bank. That its projected formation should have been so enthusiastically acclaimed by the BB Conference in Knokke (Belgium) in 1972, is not surprising. Both corporate-controlled organizations, with linked membership, shared the same aim: increasing globalization of their wealth and power. Certainly, the BB with its total lack of ‘democratic accountability,’ must be in agreement with the TRI’s declaration (in its ‘The Crisis of Democracy’) that what the West needs most ‘is a greater degree of moderation in democracy.’

"The list of bankers’ names reveals that the Bank for International Settlements (BIS) is of prime importance because of its links with other groups. This article will focus on that because so little knowledge of it is in the public domain.

"BIS is the world’s oldest international financial institution, having been set up in 1930 with the twin aim of (1) coping with reparations/loans from/to a very unstable post-World-War-I Germany; and (2) more importantly, to act as a forum for central bankers in the future. It was thus the very epitome of supranationality. It circumvented all those orthodox ideals that had over the years become synonymous with the ‘nation state’ – e.g., ‘love of country,’ ‘patriotism.’ etc. In a state of war, however, such circumvention of patriotism by any of its board members could lead to their accusation of treasonable offences.

"It consisted, initially, of a group of six central banks and a ‘financial institution of the USA.’ Granted a constitutional charter by Switzerland, it was based in that country. America’s primacy on the international scene is clear from the fact that the first BIS President was Gates W. McGarrah (ex-Chase Nation National Bank & Federal Reserve Bank).

"By the late 1930s, BIS had assumed an openly pro-Nazi bias – much of it disclosed by Charles Higham in his book ‘Trading with the Enemy,’ and years later corroborated by a BBC Timewatch film ‘Banking with Hitler ‘broadcast in late ‘98. Moreover BIS had arranged transfers into the German Reichsbank of $378 million of what, was, in effect, gold looted from the bank coffers during the invasion of Austria, Czechoslovakia, Holland and Belgium. And in the summer of 1942, plans for the projected American invasion of Algeria were leaked to the governor of the French National Bank, who immediately contacted his German colleague in BIS, SS Gruppenfuehrer Baron Kurt von Schroeder (of the Stein Bank of Cologne). As a result by transferring 9 billion gold francs to Algiers – via BIS – the Germans and their French subsidiaries made a killing of some $175 million in this dollar-exchange scam. On the BIS board at the time were the following high-profile representatives of the Axis powers: Walter Funk (president of the Reichsbank) Kurt von Schroeder; Dr. Hermann Schmitz (Jt. Chairman of I G Farben); Emil Puhl (V President of the Reichsbank; Yoneji Yamamoto, and Dr. V. Azzolini (Governor of the Bank of Italy). It should be added that, of the non-Axis members of the board, many – such as Montagu Norman (Governor of the Bank of England) – were Nazi sympathizers, and that the President of BIS from 1939 to 1946 was Thomas McKittrick, an American corporate lawyer who had been both Director of Lee, Higginson & Co. (that had made substantial loans to the Third Reich). His continued presidency of BIS after America’s entry into the war in December 1941) was approved by Germany and Italy with this significant addendum to their note of authorization: ‘McKittricks’ opinions are safely known to us.’

"Not surprisingly, in view of the close relationship between American and German corporations, a substantial portion of supplies went to Germany – often via fascist Spain by ship and tanker under flags of neutrality. Many of the financial arrangements covering such trade were handled by BIS in neutral Basle. In mid-’44 America was supplying Germany with 48 thousand tons of oil, and 11 hundred tons of much-needed tungsten per month! The fact that this trade was illegal in the USA for much of this period did little to stop it. The large corporations, such as Standard Oil and ITT, saw to that. After all, then – as now – the US Administration was effectively under corporate control. Even the Secretary of Treasury, Henry Morgenthau, and his Assistant, Harry Dexter White, aware as they well were of the part played by BIS in this, could do little about it.

"In July 1944, 730 delegates from 44 countries met at Bretton Woods to plan a framework for post-war international trade, payments and investments – a conference that subsequently resulted in the setting up in ‘47 of both the International Bank for Reconstruction & Development (IBRD, or World Bank) and the International Monetary Fund (IMF). The apparent inviolability of BIS was perhaps best illustrated by the fact that Resolution 5, calling for the dissolution of BIS, was subsequently ignored. The corporate establishment had seen to that – as indeed, it had to all such previous attempts."

The Irresolute Resolution Five of Bretton Woods

"The puzzling fact is was that there were in the post-war period three international financial/banking organizations with the similar aim of resolving the world’s serious economic problems. But whereas the IMF and the World Bank have been conspicuously in the public eye, BIS adopted a low profile. There were two reasons for this: (1) it eluded investigation into its previous dealings with the Third Reich; and (2) by so dissociating from the IMF and the World Bank, the latter would be widely regarded as the sole guardians of the world economy, thus allowing the BIS more latitude to follow the agenda of the corporate establishment. In the 1970s, Anthony Sampson in his book The Money Lenders summed it up: ‘In 1966, the quotas that made up the capital of the IMF/World Bank amounted to 10% of the total world imports, but by 1976 the made up only 4%....’ By ’76 world annual deficits had reached $75 billion: of this, 7% was financed by the IMF; 18% by other official international bodies (governments and the World Bank, the remaining three-quarters financed by commercial banks." (Today, some two-and-a-half decades later, the board members of BIS, control 95% of the money in circulation.)

"The reason for this apparent taking over of such responsibility by the BIS from the IMF/World Bank is twofold: (1) the collapse of the Bretton Woods system of exchange convertibility in the early seventies; and (2) the IMF and the World bank, as statutorily-appointed agents of the UN, were accountable to a much wider constituency than the BIS, and therefore politically less manageable by the corporate establishment.

W.K.

– from Economic Reform, February 2006

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